What are the best practices for handling file uploads in a Node.js application?

To handle file uploads in Node.js, you should use middleware like `multer` for handling multipart or form data. In this process, you need to validate file types and sizes on both the client side and the server side. Store the uploaded files in a secure location, preferably outside the web root to prevent direct access - this is an added security measure. On the other hand, if storing files in the cloud, use signed URLs for uploads. You can also consider implementing rate limiting, and consider using CAPTCHAs to prevent potential abuse. Of course, you should regularly scan the uploaded files for malware, especially if they are accessible to other users.