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CVE-2026-18040
Published:October 03, 2026
Updated:October 11, 2026
In Bouncy Castle for Java before 1.86, HQC leaked secret-derived data through two side channels: its GF(2^8) arithmetic used lookup tables indexed by field elements, making the cache line touched a function of the operand, and its fixed-weight support sampler left its duplicate scan as soon as a collision was found and stored accepted positions at a secret index. Both run on secret inputs during encapsulation and decapsulation, and the sampler re-expands the secret key from its seed on every decapsulation, so an attacker able to observe cache behaviour or decapsulation timing can recover information about the HQC private key. The field arithmetic is now table-free and the sampler branch-free within a batch of candidates, with output and randomness consumption unchanged.
Affected Packages
https://github.com/bcgit/bc-java.git (GITHUB):
Affected version(s) >=r1rv72 <r1rv85v2
Fix Suggestion:
Update to version r1rv85v2
org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk18on (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=1.72 <1.85.2
Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 1.85.2
org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk14 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=1.72 <1.85.2
Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 1.85.2
org.bouncycastle:bcprov-debug-jdk15to18 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=1.72 <1.86
Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 1.86
org.bouncycastle:bcprov-debug-jdk14 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=1.72 <1.86
Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 1.86
org.bouncycastle:bcprov-debug-jdk18on (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=1.72 <1.86
Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 1.86
org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15to18 (JAVA):
Affected version(s) >=1.72 <1.85.2
Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 1.85.2
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CVSS v4
Base Score:
5.9
Attack Vector
LOCAL
Attack Complexity
HIGH
Attack Requirements
PRESENT
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Vulnerable System Confidentiality
HIGH
Vulnerable System Integrity
NONE
Vulnerable System Availability
NONE
Subsequent System Confidentiality
NONE
Subsequent System Integrity
NONE
Subsequent System Availability
NONE
CVSS v3
Base Score:
5.1
Attack Vector
LOCAL
Attack Complexity
HIGH
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality
HIGH
Integrity
NONE
Availability
NONE
Weakness Type (CWE)
Observable Timing Discrepancy
EPSS
Base Score:
0.11