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CVE-2026-82404
Published:September 02, 2026
Updated:October 12, 2026
TOON is a compact, human-readable serialization of JSON data for LLM prompts. Prior to 2.3.1, decoding attacker-controlled TOON with a proto, constructor, or prototype key wrote through the object prototype chain instead of creating an own property, polluting Object.prototype for the runtime. In packages/toon/src/decode/expand.ts, the expandPaths: 'safe' path and insertPathSafe function made dotted keys such as a.proto.x the strongest vector, while plain nested objects, tabular rows, quoted keys, and streaming decode were also affected. The encoder also dropped own proto properties and could invoke an inherited setter during normalization. Services that decode untrusted TOON could experience denial of service or, when a suitable downstream gadget is present, remote code execution. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.1.
Affected Packages
https://github.com/toon-format/toon.git (GITHUB):
Affected version(s) >=v0.1.0 <v2.3.1
Fix Suggestion:
Update to version v2.3.1
@toon-format/toon (NPM):
Affected version(s) >=0.6.0 <2.3.1
Fix Suggestion:
Update to version 2.3.1
Additional Notes
The description of this vulnerability differs from MITRE.
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CVSS v4
Base Score:
6.9
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Attack Requirements
NONE
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Vulnerable System Confidentiality
LOW
Vulnerable System Integrity
LOW
Vulnerable System Availability
LOW
Subsequent System Confidentiality
LOW
Subsequent System Integrity
LOW
Subsequent System Availability
LOW
CVSS v3
Base Score:
8.3
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
CHANGED
Confidentiality
LOW
Integrity
LOW
Availability
LOW
Weakness Type (CWE)
Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
EPSS
Base Score:
0.68